| Title:The name assigned to the document by the author. This field may also contain sub-titles, series names, and report numbers. | Do Sex Differences in a Faceted Model of Fluid and Crystallized Intelligence Depend on the Method Applied? |
| Authors:Personal author, compiler, or editor name(s); click on any author to run a new search on that name. | Steinmayr, Ricarda; Beauducel, Andre; Spinath, Birgit |
| Descriptors:Terms from the Thesaurus of ERIC Descriptors; used to tag materials by subject to aid information search and retrieval. Click on a Descriptor to initiate any new search using that term. | Intelligence; Intelligence Tests; Factor Analysis; Effect Size; Grade 11; Grade 12; Gender Differences; Cognitive Ability; Scores; Research Methodology; Foreign Countries; Verbal Ability; Mathematics Skills; Evaluation Methods |
| Source:The entity from which ERIC acquires the content, including journal, organization, and conference names, or by means of online submission from the author. | Intelligence, v38 n1 p101-110 Jan-Feb 2010 |
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| Abstract:A brief narrative description of the journal article, document, or resource. | Recently, different methodological approaches have been discussed as an explanation for inconsistencies in studies investigating sex differences in different intelligences. The present study investigates sex differences in manifest sum scores, factor score estimates, and latent verbal, numerical, figural intelligence, as well as fluid and crystallized intelligence as measured by the German Intelligence-Structure-Test 2000-R (IST 2000-R; Liepmann, Beauducel, Brocke, & Amthauer, 2007). The not population-representative sample consisted of 977 German 11th and 12th graders enrolled in a "Gymnasium" (551 female; mean age: M = 16.70; SD = 0.65) who completed the IST 2000-R. Sex differences in fluid and crystallized intelligence were not influenced by the method applied with men performing better than women. However, extent and direction of sex differences in verbal, numerical, and figural intelligence differed by the method applied. Whereas there was a male advantage in all three factors measured as manifest sum scores, women performed better in verbal intelligence as measured by factor scores or as latent variables. Effect sizes of sex differences in numerical and figural intelligence were also greatly reduced when applying the latter two methods. Results are discussed with regard to their theoretical and practical implications. (Contains 2 figures and 3 tables.) |